Cells that support neurons structurally and functionally are called?

Neuroglia, also known as glial cells, are the support cells of the nervous system that play crucial roles in maintaining homeostasis, forming myelin, and providing support and protection for neurons. Unlike neurons, which are responsible for transmitting nerve impulses, neuroglia assist in various functions that are vital for neuronal health and function. They are involved in nutrient transport, waste removal, and the maintenance of the blood-brain barrier, offering structural support and protection to neurons.

Astrocytes, a type of neuroglial cell, specifically support neurons and help regulate the extracellular environment. While they are indeed supportive cells, the term "neuroglia" encompasses a broader range of cells, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia, which all contribute to the overall functionality and health of the nervous system. Neurons, on the other hand, are the primary cells for signal transmission and therefore do not support other cells structurally or functionally. Microglia serve as immune defense cells within the central nervous system but are a subset of neuroglial cells, highlighting the fact that while they have supportive roles, they do not encompass the full range of functions provided by all types of neuroglia.