What effect does glucagon have on blood sugar levels?

Glucagon plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels, specifically during periods when blood glucose is low. It is a hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas. When blood glucose levels drop, glucagon is released into the bloodstream, signaling the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose and release it into the circulation. This process raises blood sugar levels, ensuring that the body has adequate energy, particularly for vital functions. In contrast to insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels, glucagon acts to increase them, making it essential for maintaining homeostasis in glucose metabolism.