Which hormone is responsible for the intestine's ability to neutralize acidic stomach contents after a dog eats?

The hormone that plays a critical role in the intestine's ability to neutralize acidic stomach contents after a dog eats is secretin. When acidic chyme from the stomach enters the small intestine, secretin is released by the cells in the duodenum. This hormone stimulates the pancreas to secrete bicarbonate-rich fluids, which help to neutralize the acidity of the stomach contents.

The neutralization process is vital for proper enzyme function, as the enzymes produced by the pancreas work best in a more neutral pH environment rather than an acidic one. Additionally, secretin also prompts the liver to produce bile, which aids in the digestion of fats in the intestine.

While cholecystokinin is also important for digestion as it helps regulate the release of digestive enzymes and bile, its primary focus is not on neutralizing stomach acid. Gastrin, on the other hand, increases gastric acid secretion and is involved in stimulating stomach contractions, while insulin is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels after eating. Thus, secretin is the key hormone for neutralizing acidic stomach contents in the intestine.