Which hormone is responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor?

Oxytocin is the hormone responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor. It is produced by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. As labor progresses, oxytocin levels increase, which enhances the contractions of the uterine muscles. This hormone plays a crucial role in the dilation of the cervix and the progression of labor, facilitating the childbirth process. It also helps in the bonding process after birth by encouraging maternal behavior.

The other hormones mentioned have different roles. Estrogen is involved in preparing the uterus for labor and promoting the maturation of the pregnancy but does not directly cause contractions. Progesterone helps to maintain the pregnancy by inhibiting uterine contractions and preventing premature labor until the appropriate time for delivery. Corticosteroids, while important for various bodily functions and inflammatory responses, do not play a direct role in stimulating uterine contractions during labor. Understanding these functions provides clarity on the specific role of oxytocin in the labor process.