Which hormones are known for their role in maintaining blood pressure and resisting stress?

The correct choice relates to glucocorticoids, which are a class of corticosteroids produced by the adrenal cortex. These hormones, including cortisol, play a crucial role in regulating metabolism and immune response, but they are particularly significant in the body’s response to stress.

Glucocorticoids help to manage blood pressure by influencing the balance of sodium and fluid retention, which can affect blood volume and consequently blood pressure. They enhance the sensitivity of blood vessels to other hormones that manage vascular tone and contraction, thereby contributing further to blood pressure regulation. During times of stress, glucocorticoids also facilitate the release of energy reserves by stimulating gluconeogenesis, which helps the body cope with increased demands.

Understanding the role of glucocorticoids in both stress response and blood pressure management is essential for anyone studying veterinary medicine, particularly in relation to how stressors can physiologically impact animals.