Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for higher-order functions such as learning and intelligence?

The cerebrum is the part of the brain primarily associated with higher-order functions such as learning, intelligence, problem-solving, and conscious thought. It is the largest brain region and is divided into two hemispheres, which contain various lobes responsible for different cognitive abilities. The frontal lobe, in particular, plays a crucial role in decision-making, planning, and reasoning, all of which contribute to intelligence and complex learning processes.

In contrast, the cerebellum is mainly involved in coordinating movement and balance, rather than cognitive functions. The brain stem controls basic life functions such as breathing and heart rate and does not engage in higher-order thinking. The thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory information but is also not directly responsible for complex cognitive tasks. Understanding the unique roles of these brain structures highlights why the cerebrum is the correct choice for functions related to learning and intelligence.